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Health Alert: Many THC-Free CBD Products Contain THC. Tetrahydrocannobinol (THC) is a chemical in
marijuana that causes intoxication. An analysis of 80 different readily available THC-free cannabidiol (CBD)
products found that about 60% of these products did contain THC. The researchers note that most contained only trace amounts of THC, but these amounts can accumulate in the body and be detected by a drug test. The Partnership to End Addiction in New York City adds, “Consumers deserve accurate marketing claims and if they choose to buy CBD, to know exactly what’s in the product… It’s been like the Wild West for quite some time as CBD products proliferate, advertised for numerous maladies without research to substantiate it and
without oversight on quality control.”                                        Drug and Alcohol Dependence, June 2022

Diet: Use Salt Less? Using data from the UK Biobank study, researchers report that individuals who nearly always add salt to their food may live two fewer years than those who rarely/never add salt to their meals. The findings suggest that using herbs or spicy to flavor food, in lieu of salt, may increase one’s longevity.
European Heart Journal, July 2022

Exercise: Just 10 Minutes… Following a review of data from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow’s Health study, researchers estimate that replacing just ten minutes a day of sedentary activity with exercise of any intensity can have a positive benefit on one’s waistline.                                          Cancer Causes & Control, August 2022

Chiropractic: Neck Disorder May Worsen Jaw Pain and Function. Examinations of temporomandibular (TMD) patients revealed that those with restricted cervical range of motion experienced more severe TMDrelated pain and disability than TMD patients with normal cervical range of motion. The findings suggest that dysfunction in the cervical spine may play a role in TMD and treatment to restore normal motion in the neck— such as chiropractic care—may be necessary to achieve a successful outcome.                                                                    Cranio, July 2022

Mental Attitude: Nearly Half of Seniors Have Had Ageist Experiences. Questionnaires completed by more
than 2,000 older adults revealed that 45% had a personal experience in which someone assumed they had difficulty with using technology or with their vision, hearing, or memory due to their age.
JAMA Network Open, June 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Low Vitamin D Linked to Miscarriage? An analysis of data from ten studies identified
an association between vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and a 60% increased risk of miscarriage. Future studies may investigate if improving vitamin D status in women at risk for miscarriage may improve their chances for a successful pregnancy.

 Fertility & Sterility, July 2022

Quote: “Dig your well before you’re thirsty.” ~ Seth Godin

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Health Alert: Prediabetes Linked to Heart Attack. Prediabetes is a term used to describe elevated blood sugar levels that have not yet reached the threshold for a diabetes diagnosis. An analysis of data regarding 1.79 million hospitalizations for myocardial infarction found that prediabetes increases an
individual’s risk for heart attack by 25%, percutaneous intervention (angioplasty) by 45%, and heart bypass surgery by 200%.                                                                                       Endocrine Society, June 2022

Diet: Fruit, Vegetables, and Kidney Health. Following a review of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, researchers have observed an association between chronic kidney disease and a low intake of fruit and vegetables.                                                                                    Journal of Renal Nutrition, July 2022

Exercise: The Least Active Day for Older People Is… According to a study that monitored the activity of 459 older adults, seniors are least active on Sundays, averaging just 22.5 minutes of exercise and spending 453.9 minutes engaged in sedentary activities.                                                          Preventative Medicine Reports, June 2022

Chiropractic: Improved Posture. A literature review found that manual therapy techniques—such as those used by doctors of chiropractic—are an effective intervention for improving lateral pelvic tilt and reducing forward head posture and thoracic kyphosis.                                                                             Gait & Posture, June 2022

Mental Attitude: Exercise May Slow Cognitive Decline. A recent systematic review found that engaging in aerobic exercise and resistance training may slow or reverse mild-cognitive impairment. The findings suggest that physical activity should be included in a multimodal approach to address
cognitive decline.                                                                        Journal of Affective Disorders, August 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Want Young Looking Skin? The American Academy of Dermatology offers the following tips for younger looking skin: use sunscreen and anti-aging moisturizer daily; choose products that address your specific concerns, such as dark spots or wrinkles; choose products designed for your skin type, such as dry, oily, or sensitive; choose hypoallergenic products that won’t clog your pores and that offer a hotline for questions; and be realistic about what these skin care products can do for your skin.                                                                            American Academy of Dermatology, June 2022

Quote: “Motivation will almost always beat mere talent.” ~ Norman Ralph Augustine

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Prostate Cancer Increases Blood Clot Risk. An analysis of data on more than 550,000 men revealed that those with prostate cancer had a 50% greater risk for developing a venous thromboembolism (VTE) within five years of their initial diagnosis, especially within the first six months. The research team hopes the findings will help healthcare providers become more aware of the risk and help ensure a timely VTE diagnosis.
BMJ Open, May 2022

Diet: Omega-3s Help Keep Arteries Flexible. According to a study that included 6,124 older adults, a higher intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with increased arterial elasticity, a sign of good cardiovascular health.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, June 2022

Exercise: Exercise Tips During Pregnancy. Studies have shown that physical fitness can confer benefits to both a mom-to-be and her unborn child. The United Kingdom’s National Health Service offers the following tips for
exercise during pregnancy: always warm up before exercising and cool down afterward; try to keep active on a daily basis—30 minutes of walking each day can be enough, but if you cannot manage that, any amount is better than nothing; avoid any strenuous exercise in hot weather; drink plenty of water; if you go to exercise classes, make sure your teacher is properly qualified and knows that you’re pregnant; give swimming a try because the water will support your increased weight; and be careful when performing exercises that involve a greater fall risk, such as cycling.                                                                  National Health Service, May 2022

Chiropractic: Effective Treatment for Cervicogenic Dizziness. A systematic review that included 13 studies
found that the combination of manual therapies and specific exercises is an effective approach for managing dizziness that originates from dysfunction in the cervical spine. Doctors of chiropractic often use manual therapies like spinal manipulation and mobilization in combination with exercises in the management of musculoskeletal disorders of the cervical spine.                                                                                             Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy, April 2022

Mental Attitude: Eye Trouble Can Lead to Lower Cognitive Test Scores for Seniors. In a recent experiment,
researchers asked 24 older adults with normal vision to take both visual and oral cognitive tests with and without
goggles that simulate age-related macular degeneration. Investigators found that when the participants experienced
impaired vision, their performance on vision-based cognitive assessments fell. Study leader Dr. Anne MacNamara
adds, “A mistaken score in cognitive tests could have devastating ramifications, leading to unnecessary changes to a
person’s living, working, financial, or social circumstances.” Scientific Reports, May 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Greening Up Cities Could Save Lives. Following an analysis of government mortality data
and greenness data from satellite imagery, researchers estimate that about 1,500 early deaths among seniors could be
prevented each year by increasing greenery in urban environments.                                                                          Frontiers in Public Health, May 2022

Quote: “The only place success comes before work is in the dictionary.” ~ Vince Lombardi

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Poor Sleep Can Impact a Soon-To-Be Mom’s Mental Health. New research suggests that nearly
30% of expectant mothers experience poor quality sleep, which can double their risk for antepartum depression, antepartum anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The findings suggest that steps to maintain good sleep hygiene may have a protective effect on a pregnant woman’s mental health.
Maternal Child and Health Journal, July 2022

Diet: Maternal Diet Can Affect Child’s Birth Weight. An analysis of data collected from 260 new mothers revealed that a diet pattern characterized by a high intake of cereals and breads, coffee and tea, and processed fats is associated with an increased risk for both low and excessive birth weight for the baby.
Maternal Child and Health Journal, July 2022

Exercise: Stay Fit! Using data from the Generation 100 Study, researchers report they have identified an association
between higher cardiorespiratory fitness and greater structural complexity in key areas of the brain normally affected by advancing age.                                                                    Neuroimage, August 2022

Chiropractic: Manual Therapies Plus Stabilization Exercises for Chronic Neck Pain. Among a group of 58
patients with chronic neck pain and mobility deficits in the upper cervical spine, researchers found that the combination of spinal manipulative therapy, mobilization therapy, and stabilization exercises targeting the upper cervical spine led to improvements in pain and range of motion that were not observed in participants in a stabilization exercise-only group. Doctors of chiropractic often manage chronic neck pain using a multimodal approach that can include spinal manipulation, mobilization, and stabilization exercises.                                     Life (Basel), May 2022

Mental Attitude: Big Increase in Teen Hospitalizations for Mental Health Issues. According to a new study, the
number of teens admitted to the hospital for suicidal ideations or suicide attempts increased by 60% between 2019 and 2020. Researchers also observed a significant increase in admissions for depression, anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.                                            Hospital Pediatrics, May 2022

Wellness/Prevention: A Pet Dog May Shield Children from Crohn’s Disease. Crohn’s disease is a form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation in the digestive tract that can result in abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and malnutrition. An analysis of data on nearly 4,300 people enrolled in the Crohn’s and Colitis Canada Genetic, Environmental, and Microbial project found that having a family dog during childhood is associated with a healthier gut microbiome later in life. Senior author Dr. Williams Turpin notes, “Our study seems to add to others that have explored the ‘hygiene hypothesis,’ which suggests that the lack of exposure to microbes early in life may lead to lack of immune regulation toward environmental microbes.”
American Gastroenterological Association, May 2022

Quote: “It is love, not reason, that is stronger than death.” ~ Thomas Mann

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Health Alert: Vaping Increases Annual Healthcare Costs. The University of California, San Francisco School of
Nursing reports that annual healthcare costs for vape users are more than $2,000 higher than non-tobacco users. Lead study author Dr. Yingning Wang writes, “Healthcare costs attributable to e-cigarette use are already greater than our estimates of healthcare costs attributable to cigar and smokeless tobacco use…This is a concerning finding, given that e-cigarettes are a relatively new product whose impact is likely to increase over time.”
Tobacco Control, May 2022

Diet: Omega-3s and Post-Surgical Recovery. A systematic review that included ten studies found that for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients undergoing surgery, a higher intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with less inflammation following surgery and a shorter hospital stay.                           Food Chemistry, Molecular Sciences, March 2022

Exercise: Outdoor Fitness Ideas. Experts from the American Fitness Professionals and Associates list the
following ways to get fit outside during summer: try paddleboarding, go hiking, take a bike ride, play beach
volleyball, go trail running, do some high-intensity interval training at the track, try outdoor yoga, strength train at the park with body weight exercises, go swimming, or join an outdoor fitness class.
American Fitness Professionals and Associates, May 2022

Chiropractic: Recommendations for Acute Cervical Radiculopathy. An expert panel concluded that because the
risk-benefit ratio for surgery is less favorable for cervical radiculopathy, conservative treatment options (like
chiropractic care) should be the initial treatment approach for the condition. The panel recommends patient education, spinal manipulative therapy, and foraminal opening exercises in the acute stage; individualized physical activity including supervised motor control, specific exercises, and/or neurodynamic mobilization in the subacute stage; and general aerobic exercise, focused strength training, and postural and ergonomic education in the chronic stage.                                               Physical Therapy, May 2022

Mental Attitude: Insomnia in Midlife Can Spell Memory Issues in Retirement. University of Helsinki
researchers report that individuals with long-term insomnia symptoms in midlife are more likely to experience difficulties with memory, learning, and concentration during old age. Researcher Dr. Tea Lallukka adds, “Based on our findings, early intervention tackling insomnia symptoms, or measures aimed at improving the quality of sleep would be justified.”                  Journal of Aging and Health, May 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Smoke Detector Management. The American Red Cross offers the following tips for installing smoke detectors in the home: mount smoke alarms throughout the house, including bedrooms, and hallways outside bedrooms; make sure children know what a smoke detector sounds like and what to do if they hear one; perform monthly tests on the alarms; change batteries annually; replace smoke detectors every ten years; and never turn off a smoke detector.     American Red Cross, May 2022

Quote: “Begin, be bold, and venture to be wise.” ~ Horace

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Excessive Drinking Can Reduce Disease-Free Years. According to a study that analyzed data
from twelve cohort studies with over 120,000 total participants, individuals who drink more than 14 units of alcohol a week (approximately seven to eight bottles of beer or glasses of wine, or 14 single servings of spirits) may experience up to six fewer years of life free from chronic disease.
The Lance Regional Health, Europe, May 2022

Diet: Negative Effects of a High-Fat Diet. A recent animal study found that within 16 weeks, rats on a highfat diet developed hypertension, insulin resistance, and a decreased sensitivity of the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) mechanism, which is important for kidney function.
American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, May 2022

Exercise: Many Kids in Daycare Don’t Get Enough Exercise. Investigators observed 96 childcare centers and 131 Head Start programs and found the majority failed to provide kids with the recommended 180 minutes a day of physical activity of any intensity, including 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise.
Pediatrics, May 2022

Chiropractic: Mobilization and Exercise for Shoulder Pain. Among a group of 23 patients with shoulder pain lasting longer than six weeks, those treated with a combination of glenohumeral mobilization with movement and shoulder exercises—an approach often used by doctors of chiropractic—experienced meaningful improvements in shoulder pain, disability, and range of motion within one month.
Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapeutics, February 2022

Mental Attitude: Age Determines Risk Factors for Dementia. Using data from the Framingham Heart Study,
researchers report the following are age-associated risk factors for dementia: hypertension at age 55, heart disease at age 65, and a history of diabetes or stroke after age 70. Lead author Dr. Emer McGrath writes, “Dementia is a complicated disease and risk prediction scores need to be tailored to the individual…Our
findings support the use of age-specific risk prediction scores for dementia instead of a one-size-fits-all approach.”          Neurology, May 2022

 Wellness/Prevention: Vitamin D, Sleep, and Post-Stroke Depression. Following a review of health records
of 223 stroke patients, researchers report that individuals with vitamin D deficiency and poor sleep who suffer a stroke have an increased risk for post-stroke depression when compared with stroke patients with good sleep hygiene and healthy vitamin D status.                                                                                            Journal of Affective Disorders, July 2022

Quote: “Never be bullied into silence. Never allow yourself to be made a victim. Accept no one’s definition of
your life; define yourself.” ~ Harvey Fierstein

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Extra Weight Increases Risk of Endometrial Cancer. Body mass index (BMI) is an estimate of body fat based on weight and height. An analysis of data concerning nearly 120,000 women from seven countries
revealed that for every five unit increase in BMI, the risk for endometrial cancer rises by 88%.
BMC Medicine, April 2022

Diet: Fast Food Restaurants Increase Diabetes Risk in Nearby Area. According to a recent study, living within 300 meters (~984 feet) of a fast-food restaurant is associated with up to a 16% increased risk for type 2 diabetes.
PLOS Medicine, April 2022

Exercise: Improve Exercise Training By Controlling Your Blood Sugar. New research suggests that high blood
glucose levels may reduce the exercise capacity of skeletal muscles. However, researchers observed that when normal blood sugar levels are restored, skeletal muscle exercise capacity improves.                                                                                   Diabetes, April 2022

Chiropractic: Prolonged Sitting at Work Affects the Spine. Assessments of office workers revealed that at the
end of an eight-hour workday, participants had experienced a significant reduction in both standing and sitting height, along with an increase in spinal pain. The findings highlight the importance of breaking up prolonged sitting time with frequent breaks to stretch or walk.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, March 2022

Mental Attitude: Mental Illness Tied to Heart Problems. An analysis of 108 studies that included more than 30 million people found that individuals with severe mental illness—such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder—have
a two-times greater risk for cardiac-related death than the general population. The authors add, “The increased relative risk of [cardiovascular disease] diagnosis in more recent decades may be a result of disparity in smoking prevalence between people with [severe mental illness] and the general population or increased use of antipsychotics…The changes since the 1990s approximately coincide with the release of newer, second-generation antipsychotics which are known to have worse metabolic effects.”                                                     PLOS Medicine, April 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Choosing the Right Shoe to Reduce Fall Risk. The American Podiatric Medical
Association offers the following recommendations for older adults when choosing a new shoe: check for support on both sides of the heel, flexibility in the toes, and stability in the middle; make sure to have your feet measured to ensure proper shoe size when shopping for shoes, and wear socks when trying on shoes; avoid buying shoes that are uncomfortable when you try them on; and talk to your podiatrist about what shoes are best for your needs.
American Podiatric Medical Association, April 2022

Quote: “Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards.” ~ Soren Kierkegaard

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Sleep Troubles Can Affect Kids’ Reading Ability. An analysis of data concerning 339 primary school students revealed that those with sleep-disordered breathing, daytime sleepiness, and shorter sleep latency scored up to 7% lower on reading assessments than their peers without trouble sleeping.
British Journal of Educational Psychology, June 2022

Diet: Improve Diet, Reduce Cancer Risk. While specific causes of early onset colorectal cancer remain unclear, the current research suggests that a diet characterized by a high intake of red and processed meat, refined grains, and sugar can alter gut microbial composition, which can lead to chronic inflammation in the digestive tract and may result in a greater risk for colorectal cancer. The findings suggest that adopting a healthier diet pattern may reduce the risk for colorectal cancer in adults under age 50.                                                                    New England Journal of Medicine, April 2022

Exercise: Exercise Promotes Longevity. Following an analysis of data from 64 studies, researchers confirm that
individuals with a lifelong history of exercise have a lower risk for early death than their sedentary peers.
International Journal of Epidemiology, May 2022

Chiropractic: Dizziness and Chronic Neck Pain. Among a group of 133 patients under treatment for chronic neck
pain, 43% reported concurrent dizziness. Additionally, those with both neck pain and dizziness were more likely to
experience more intense neck pain and disability, along with lower scores on quality of life assessments. Doctors of
chiropractic are skilled in the management of both neck pain and dizziness, often using a multimodal approach
including manual therapies and specific exercises. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, February 2022

Mental Attitude: Witnessing Domestic Violence in Childhood Can Have Lifelong Consequences. A survey of
more than 17,700 adults revealed that among those who were exposed to chronic parental domestic violence during childhood, 22.5% had major depression later in life, 15% suffered from anxiety, and nearly 27% had a substance
disorder—all of which are rates significantly higher than those seen in the general population. Study author Dr. Esme Fuller-Thomson notes, “Our findings underline the risk of long-term negative outcomes of chronic domestic
violence for children, even when the children themselves are not abused.”                                                                                        Journal of Family Violence, April 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Daily Aspirin for Heart Health? For years, experts have recommended taking a daily lowdose aspirin to reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke. However, based on findings from three large-scale studies that weighed the benefits and risks of this practice, the United States Preventative Services Task Force is now reversing this recommendation for adults under the age of 60 with exceptions for those with existing heart problems who already take a low-dose aspirin.                                                                                Journal of the American Medical Association, April 2022

Quote: “I attribute my success to this—I never gave or took any excuse.” ~ Florence Nightingale

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Steroid Medications Pose Dangers for Those with Sickle Cell. A review of data on more than
5,100 patients with sickle cell disease found that patients given oral corticosteroids were more likely to be hospitalized for a vaso-occlusive episode, a condition that can cause intense pain and irreversible organ damage. Research leader Dr. Ondine Walter adds, “Vaso-occlusive events and related hospitalization appear to follow corticosteroid prescription fairly quickly… This evidence suggests corticosteroids may be contributing to the events and should be avoided as much as possible in these patients.”                                                                                         Blood, April 2022

Diet: Mediterranean Diet May Reduce Preeclampsia Risk. Preeclampsia is marked by a sudden increase in blood
pressure, protein in the urine, or other problems during pregnancy, which can cause serious health problems for
mothers and babies if left untreated. In a study that included over 8,500 expectant mothers, researchers identified an
association between greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and up to a 22% lower risk for preeclampsia. The
findings are encouraging because very few preeclampsia treatments are considered safe or produce any meaningful
benefits.                                                                                        Journal of the American Heart Association, April 2022

Exercise: Aerobic Exercise May Reduce Cardiovascular Risks in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Among a
group of 48 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, those who participated in a twelve-week aerobic exercise intervention experienced an improvement in both blood vessel function and blood pressure reactivity. The findings suggest that engaging in an aerobic exercise training program may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease in CKD patients, which is the leading cause of death for such individuals.                                        Journal of Applied Physiology, April 2022

Chiropractic: Neck Pain and Migraines. A systematic review found that migraine headache patients are three times more likely than individuals without a history of headache to have neck pain (77% vs. 23.5%). Past research suggests that addressing cervical spine issues in patients with migraines—with chiropractic care, for example—may reduce headache frequency and intensity.                                                    Cephalagia, February 2022

Mental Attitude: Quitting Smoking Could Stop Alzheimer’s Progression. Past research suggests that smoking can increase the risk for Alzheimer’s by up to 40%. A recent study found that smokers with mild-cognitive
impairment who quit smoking may be able to slow or stop progression to Alzheimer’s.
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, May 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Safe Neti Pot Use. The Food and Drug Administration offers these guidelines for proper use
of a Neti pot to address clogged sinuses and nasal congestion: wash and dry your hands before each use, thoroughly clean the Neti pot and dry before each use, use clean water (distilled, filtered, or boiled) to create a saline rinse solution, and always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.                                      Food and Drug Administration, April 2022

Quote: “Getting rid of a delusion makes us wiser than getting hold of a truth.” ~ Ludwig Borne

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna

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Health Alert: Sleep and Prostate Cancer. Using data from the UK Biobank, researchers report that men with insomnia have an 11% increased risk for prostate cancer while those who normally take an afternoon nap may have up to a 9% reduced risk for the disease.                                                                  Prostate, June 2022

Diet: Poor Diet Increases Diabetes Risk. Following an analysis of data from three studies that included nearly
36,000 health professionals, researchers report that, irrespective of genetic risk, a lower quality diet is associated with a 30% increased risk of type 2 diabetes.                            PLOS Medicine, April 2022

Exercise: Lifting Weights May Help Manage Hot Flashes and Night Sweats. For postmenopausal women
who frequently experience moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats, researchers report that engaging in resistance training three times a week for 15 weeks may result in significant improvements on menopause-specific health-related quality of life assessments.      Climacteric, June 2022

Chiropractic: Spinal Mobilization & Postural Exercises Reduce Headaches. Among a group of 72 cervicogenic headache patients, researchers observed that a four-week intervention that included posture corrective exercises and spinal mobilization therapy led to significant improvements in headache intensity, neck pain, and neck disability. Furthermore, the patients continued to report such benefits at a follow-up visit four weeks after the conclusion of care. Doctors of chiropractic are known to utilize both approaches in the
management of patients with cervicogenic headaches. Physiotherapy Theory & Practice, February 2022

Mental Attitude: Mental Health Disorders May Contribute to Dementia Risk. A systematic review of data
from ten studies identified the following mental disorders that may elevate an individual’s risk for dementia: anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, late-life depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, and sleep disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, June 2022

Wellness/Prevention: Driver’s Education Improves Driver Safety. An analysis of data on motor vehicle crashes among 130,000 drivers under the age of 24 found that those who are required to take driver’s education classes before obtaining a driver’s license are 27% less likely to be involved in a collision in their first two months on the road. Additionally, the researchers report that driver’s education class graduates are also 14% less likely to be involved in a car accident in their first year behind the wheel. The findings are important as many states only require individuals under age 18 to complete driver’s education classes before taking the behind the wheel test for their license.                                                                                   JAMA Network Open, April 2022

Quote: “Knowing when to leave may be the smartest thing anyone can learn.” ~ Burt Bacharach

Your Napa Chiropractor Dr. Joseph T. Megna